机器视觉检测在桥梁检测领域中的应用
更新时间:2021-04-10 17:51
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人工检测法和桥检车法都是依靠人工用肉眼对桥梁表面进行检测,其速度慢,效率低,漏检率高,实时性差,影响交通,存在安全隐患,很难大幅应用;无损检测包括激光检测、超声波检测以及声发射检测等多种检测技术,它们仪器昂贵,测量范围小,不能满足日益发展的桥梁检测要求;智能化检测有基于导电性材料的混凝土裂缝分布式自动检测系统和智能混凝土技术,也有最前沿的基于机器视觉的检测方法。
Artificial detection method and bridge inspection method are based on manual use of the naked eye to detect the bridge surface, its slow speed, low efficiency, high detection rate, poor real-time, affecting traffic, there are safety risks, it is difficult to greatly apply; Nondestructive testing includes laser detection, ultrasonic detection and acoustic emission detection and other detection technologies, which are expensive and have a small measuring range,Can not meet the growing requirements of bridge testing, intelligent detection of concrete cracks based on conductive materials distributed automatic detection system and intelligent concrete technology, but also the most cutting-edge based on machine vision detection methods.
据统计,混凝土桥梁的损坏有90%以上都是由裂缝引起的,因此对桥梁的健康检测主要是对桥梁表观的裂缝进行检测与测量。基于机器视觉的桥梁检测技术主要包括三部分内容:桥梁表观图像的获取技术、基于图像的裂缝自动识别理论与算法以及基于图像的裂缝宽度等病害程度定量化测量方法。
According to statistics, more than 90% of the damage of concrete bridges is caused by cracks, so the health detection of bridges is mainly to detect and measure the cracks in bridge apparent. The bridge detection technology based on machine vision mainly includes three parts: the acquisition technology of bridge apparent image, the theory and algorithm of automatic fracture recognition based on image, and the quantitative measurement method of disease degree based on image crack width.
基于机器视觉的自动化、智能化检测技术已经在道路、隧道上得到了成功应用,在桥梁上也得到了初步的应用,但主要集中在视线开阔的高空混凝土构件表观图像获取技术上,在病害的自动识别方面仍停留在理论研究阶段,还无法应用于实际工程当中。针对量大面广的混凝土梁体,智能化视频桥梁检测车进入理论与关键部件模型的研制阶段,但是受到桥梁细小裂缝自动识别与清晰图像快速化获取难度大的限制,目前离达到实用化程度的要求还相距甚远。
Automation and intelligent detection technology based on machine vision has been successfully applied in roads and tunnels, and has been preliminarily applied on bridges, but mainly focused on the apparent image acquisition technology of high-altitude concrete members with open eyes, which is still in the theoretical research stage in the automatic identification of diseases, and can not be applied to practical engineering. Aiming at the large amount of concrete beam body, the Intelligent video Bridge detection vehicle enters the development stage of the theory and key component model, but it is limited by the automatic identification of small cracks in the bridge and the difficulty of obtaining clear image rapidity, which is still far from the requirement to achieve the degree of practicality.
机器视觉的诞生和应用,大幅解放了人类劳动力,同时提高了生产自动化水平,装备的使用效率、可靠性及稳定性等。随着新技术、新理论在机器视觉系统中的应用,机器视觉将在国民经济的各领域申发挥更大作用,其应用前景广阔,并为社会的发展带来了新的技术革命。
The birth and application of machine vision has greatly liberated the human labor force, while improving the level of production automation, equipment use efficiency, reliability and stability. With the application of new technology and theory in Machine vision system, machine vision will play a greater role in all fields of national economy, and its application prospect is broad, and has brought a new technological revolution for the development of society.